DUNN, MICHAEL T. Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701. - A new species of Pachytesta from the Upper Pennsylvanian Finis Shale of Texas.
As part of an ongoing study of Late Paleozoic terrestrial plants
preserved in marine environments, a number of specimens of
permineralized ovules of medullosan seedferns have been discovered in
the Virgilian (Gzhelian), Finis Shale near Jacksboro, Texas. Age
assessment of the strata is based on ammonoid biostratigraphy. Twenty
of these specimens are exceptionally well preserved by limonite and
pyrite permineralization. These specimens have been analyzed from
wafers and cellulose acetate peels, to provide detailed information
about external form, as well as internal cellular anatomy. Analysis of
the ovules suggests that they represent a new species of
Pachytesta. The specimens conform to Pachytesta in the
presence of three angled symmetry of the integument with three
secondary ribs, and a stalked nucellus free from the integument except
at the base; a single vascular strand enters the base of the ovule,
and subsequently branches into discrete bundles in the nucellus. As in
all species of Pachytesta, this species has a three layered
integument consisting of an innermost endotesta, a middle sclerotesta,
and an outermost sarcotesta. Unlike previous reports of Pachytesta, in
this species, the sarcotesta forms six approximately isomorphic
exterior longitudinal lobes that usually extend from the micropylar
end to the chalaza. Cells of the sarcotesta are homogenous, elongated,
radially aligned, and form a single layer. Unexpectedly, the
integument is apparently un-vascularized. This new species expands the
range of variation within Pachytesta. In addition, these
specimens from strata dated by marine biostratigraphy, represent the
youngest known occurrence of this genus and thereby extend the known
biostratigraphic range of Pachytesta.
Key words: Gzhelian, medullosan, Pachytesta, seedfern ovule, trigonocarp